Apple

Introduction

Tree apple is one of the most important fruits of cold and temperate regions, whose fresh fruit and its products have the largest global trade among garden fruits, which have been distributed in five continents since two thousand years ago by humans. Common apples are mostly of Malus-Pamila and Malus-Silvestris species, whose natural habitat is Southern Europe, Eastern Europe, Southwest Asia, Caucasus and Asia Minor. Researches have shown that apples existed in Iran in the forests north of Astara to Gorgan and the coastal heights of the Caspian Sea and the southern slopes of Alborz. The subspecies of these apples called Paradesic, known as Medic, are native to the Iranian plateau and have spread to the Caucasus, South Russia, and Asia Minor.

Apple tree in the world

The total production of apple trees in the world is about 49.7 million tons, of which 58.2% is produced in 10 main producing countries of horticultural products and the rest in other countries of the world. The highest amount of tree apple production belongs to China (14 million tons), America (5 million tons) and France (2.56 million tons). The Islamic Republic of Iran is the sixth apple producing country in the world.

Apple tree in Iran

The average production of this product in Iran is about 2 million tons, which is 4% of the total apple production in the world. Iran, with a production area of ​​about 180,000 hectares, produces more than 2 million tons of apple per year in the world, which plays an important role in creating employment and agricultural economy in large areas of Iran.

Function

The average yield of the country’s apple orchards is more than 13,000 kilograms per hectare, and provinces such as Tehran, Ardabil, West Azarbaijan, Isfahan, Kohkiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad have good average yields.

Nutrition

Proper and timely feeding of apple trees guarantees the freshness of the tree and fruit along with the physical fitness and quality of the fruit. In addition, nutrition will increase the storage of carbohydrates (sugars) in the buds forming leaves and flowers and their proper and timely growth. In addition, it will increase the resistance of the plant against cold and other environmental stresses.

Winter Fertilization

This time of fertilizing (which can be by surface spreading method and chalk fertilizer) can provide some nutrients to the plant for the beginning of growth. If necessary and after examining the soil conditions, the Chalkod method can not only provide fertilizers near the roots, but also provide proper ventilation for the plant roots.